GALAXIES, GALAXIES IN THE MILKY WAY, SHAPES OF GALAXIES, TYPE OF GALAXY, THE ANDROMEDA GALAXY, ANDROMEDA GALAXY FROM EARTH, NAMES OF GALAXIES IN UNIVERSE, NAKED-EYE GALAXY

GALAXIES, GALAXIES IN THE MILKY WAY, SHAPES OF  GALAXIES, TYPE OF GALAXY, THE ANDROMEDA GALAXY, ANDROMEDA GALAXY FROM EARTH, NAMES OF GALAXIES IN UNIVERSE, NAKED-EYE GALAXY 

   
               GALAXIES

The universe contains more than 125 billion galaxies, immense aggregations of the stars, gas, dust, and dark matter bound their own gravity, Galaxies vary in size, luminosity, and mass. The largest are a million times brighter than the faintest. Galaxies take one of  three primary shapes:elliptical, spiral , and irregular.

Galaxy

Many galaxy names begin with the letter M followed by a number. This naming tradition began when french astronomer  Charles Joseph Messier(1730-1817) cataloged stellar bodies and gave them number in sequence following an M for his name. Galaxies often have a common name as well. M31 ( above), for example, is also known as Andromeda Galaxy. 

                  Andromeda Galaxy

                                  

Our solar system resides in an arm of the Milky Way, a spiral galaxy some 100,000 light- years long from end to end. Our sun and planets revolve once around the center of the Milky Way every 250 millions years

  

THE GREAT ANDROMEDA GALAXY

Scientists studying galaxies have recently discovered that they are not randomly distributed but rather clump together in cluster, lined up at the same distance form one another, forming a kind of great wall. The Milky Way belongs to a cluster called Group, which contains the Andromeda and M33 galaxies as well as about 35 dwarf galaxies. "Local" is a relative term here.

 ANDROMEDA GALAXY FROM EARTH 

                        

The cluster's diameter is more than 10 million light-years, which means our neighbors in the local Groups are millions of light-years  form the Milky Way. Gravity holds the galaxies together even as cluster, groups, and individual galaxies fly away from each other as the universe expands.

THE ANDROMEDA GALAXY

THE MANY DIFFERENT SHAPES OF GALAXIES

Investigators have collected images of galaxies as far as 10 to13 billion light years away. galaxies are classified according to the shape they present to telescopes on Earth or in space. A small galaxy can have a diameter of a few thousand light years and contain a billion stars or fewer, while a large galaxy can have a diameter of half of a million light years and contain more than a trillion stars. Our galaxy, the Milky Way , is a medium-size  galaxy:It is estimated to have a diameter of about  100,000 light-years to contain about 100-400 billion stars. 

1. THE SPIRAL GALAXY:has older red stars in its center , younger blue ones in its arms.

THE SPIRAL GALAXY

2. AN ELLIPTICAL GALAXY:this giant was formed when two gas-rich galaxies merged

 AN ELLIPTICAL GALAXY

  3. STARBURST GALAXY :Messier 82 includes a blue disk and glowing red plumes of hydrogen.

4. A BARRED SPIRAL GALAXY: Near the Milky Way includes star  forming clouds and bands of dust.

     

MASS: The total quantity of material i an object, determining its gravity and resistance to movement. 

THE MILKY WAY: contains more than 100 billion stars and thousand of stars and cluster and nebulae. From our vantage point in the Orion Arm, The Milky Way  appears as a fuzzy, glowing band, interrupted by dark clouds of interstellar dust.

THE MILKY WAY GALAXY

   NAMES OF GALAXY IN UNIVERSE 

1. ANDROMEDA GALAXY

2. ANTENNAE GALAXY

3. BACKWARD GALAXY

4. BLACK EYE GALAXY

5. BODE'S GALAXY

6. BUTTERFLY GALAXIES

7. CARTWHEEL GALAXY 

8. CIGAR GALAXY

9. CIRCINUS GALAXY 

10. COMA PINWHEEL GALAXY

11.  COMET GALAXY

12. COSMOS REDSHIFT 7 GALAXY SEXTANS

13. EYE OF SAURON GALAXY

14. FIREWORKS GALAXY

15. HOCKEY STICK GALAXY

16. HOAG'S OBJECT GALAXY

17. LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD GALAXY

18.LINDSAY-SHAPLEY RING GALAXY

19. LITTLE SOMBRERO GALAXY 

20. MEDUSA MERGER GALAXY

21. SCULPTOR  DWARF GALAXY

22. MICE GALAXIES

23. SMALL MAGELLANIC CLOUD GALAXY

24. MAYALL'S OBJECT GALAXY

25. MILKY WAY GALAXY

26. NEEDLE GALAXY

27. WOLF-LUNDMARK MELOTTE

28. PINWHEEL GALAXY

30. SCULPTOR GALAXY 

31. SOMBRERO GALAXY

32. SOUTHERN PINWHEEL GALAXY

33. SUNFLOWER GALAXY 

34. TADPOLE GALAXY

35. TRIANGULUM GALAXY

36. WHIRLPOOL GALAXY

37. MALIN 1 GALAXY

  

NAKED-EYE GALAXY

 1. LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD GALAXY

2. SMALL MAGELLANIC CLOUD GALAXY(NGC 292)

3. ANDROMEDA GALAXY(M31, NGC 224)

4. TRIANGULUM GALAXY (M33, NGC 598)

5. CENTAURUS GALAXY (NGC 5128)

6. BODE'S GALAXY(M81, NGC 3031)

7. SCULPTOR GALAXY(NGC 253)

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 GALAXIES, GALAXIES IN THE MILKY WAY, SHAPES OF  GALAXIES, TYPE OF GALAXY, THE ANDROMEDA GALAXY, ANDROMEDA GALAXY FROM EARTH, NAMES OF GALAXIES IN UNIVERSE, NAKED-EYE GALAXY